Deterrence and Escalation in Cross-domain Operations: Where Do Space and Cyberspace Fit?

Authors

Vincent Manzo, Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University

Files

Description

Warfare has become even more complicated since Richard Smoke wrote this description of escalation in 1977. The National Security Space Strategy describes space as “congested, contested, and competitive,” yet satellites underpin U.S. military and economic power. Activity in cyberspace has permeated every facet of human activity, including U.S. military operations, yet the prospects for effective cyber defenses are bleak. Many other actors depend on continued access to these domains, but not nearly as much as the United States.

Document Type

Policy Brief

Publication Date

12-2011

Publication

Strategic Forum

Publisher

National Defense University Press

City

Washington, DC

Recommended Citation

Manzo, Vincent, "Deterrence and Escalation in Cross-domain Operations: Where Do Space and Cyberspace Fit?" (2011). Strategic Forums. 72.
https://digitalcommons.ndu.edu/strategic-forums/72