The Key to Arctic Dominance: Establishing an Arctic-Focused Subordinate Unified Command

Authors

• Joseph R. Blume, Massachusetts Army National Guard
• Nathan L. Golike, 2nd Air Naval Gunfire" "Liaison Company
• Geoffrey R. Latimer, Military Sealift Command N4 Reserve Unit
• Michael Stanski, Florida Air National Guard

Abstract

This article argues that the United States should establish an Arctic-focused subordinate unified command under U.S. Northern Command to improve unity of command, resource management, and coordination in a region of growing strategic importance. The authors contend that current responsibility for Arctic operations, divided among U.S. Northern Command, U.S. European Command, and U.S. Indo-Pacific Command, complicates command and control and weakens unity of effort. They trace how reduced sea ice, expanding shipping and resource access, Russia’s military modernization, and China’s growing Arctic activity are increasing competition and security demands in the region. After comparing subordinate unified commands, joint task forces, and single-Service options, the article concludes that a subordinate unified command is best suited to provide enduring joint command and control, manage specialized Arctic capabilities, develop regional expertise, and coordinate with allies, partners, and other U.S. Government organizations. U.S. Northern Command is identified as the preferred parent command because of its homeland defense mission, existing Arctic responsibilities and infrastructure, relationship with NORAD, and experience supporting operations in Alaska and the High North.